Hier finden Sie für die Verbrennungsgase eines durchschnittlichen Biogases die spezifischen Wärmekapazitäten und die spezifischen konventionellen Entropien berechnet mit und ohne Dissoziation
Tabelle 4.1. Spezifische Wärmekapazität cp des Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) ohne Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Vollständige Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und 100 kPa. Die Molmasse der feuchten Luft ist M = 28,8373 kg/kmol. Komponenten nach Wagner, W.: VDI 4670 Blatt 1, Düsseldorf 2003.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Molmasse 28,429 28,5006 28,5509
28,5882 28,6168 28,6396
28,6581
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00
1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 1,07204
1,06080 1,05295 1,04717
1,04273 1,03921 1,03635
-25 1,07855
1,06623 1,05762 1,05128
1,04640 1,04254 1,03941
0 1,08514
1,07176 1,06242 1,05554
1,05025 1,04605 1,04265
25 1,09178
1,07740 1,06736 1,05996
1,05427 1,04977 1,04611
50 1,09848
1,08316 1,07247 1,06458
1,05852 1,05372 1,04983
75 1,10527
1,08908 1,07778 1,06944
1,06304 1,05797 1,05385
100 1,11221
1,09521 1,08334 1,07458
1,06786 1,06253 1,05821
125 1,11932
1,10156 1,08917 1,08003
1,07301 1,06745 1,06293
150 1,12662
1,10817 1,09529 1,08579
1,07849 1,07271 1,06802
175 1,13412
1,11502 1,10169 1,09186
1,08431 1,07833 1,07347
200 1,14183
1,12213 1,10837 1,09823
1,09044 1,08427 1,07926
225 1,14973
1,12946 1,11531 1,10487
1,09686 1,09051 1,08536
250 1,15779
1,13699 1,12247 1,11176
1,10353 1,09702 1,09173
275 1,16601
1,14469 1,12982 1,11885 1,11042 1,10375 1,09833
300 1,17434
1,15254 1,13733 1,12611
1,11749 1,11067 1,10513
350 1,19123
1,16852 1,15268 1,14099
1,13201 1,12490 1,11912
400 1,20825
1,18468 1,16823 1,15610
1,14678 1,13940 1,13341
450 1,22519
1,20079 1,18376 1,17120
1,16155 1,15391 1,14771
500 1,24187
1,21666 1,19907 1,18609
1,17612 1,16822 1,16181
550 1,25817
1,23215 1,21400 1,20061
1,19032 1,18217 1,17556
600 1,27397
1,24716 1,22845 1,21465
1,20405 1,19566 1,18884
650 1,28921
1,26161 1,24235 1,22815
1,21724 1,20859 1,20158
700 1,30383
1,27546 1,25566 1,24105
1,22983 1,22094 1,21373
750 1,31782
1,28868 1,26834 1,25334
1,24182 1,23269 1,22528
800 1,33116
1,30126 1,28040 1,26501
1,25319 1,24382 1,23622
850 1,34385
1,31322 1,29183 1,27606
1,26395 1,25436 1,24657
900 1,35590
1,32455 1,30267 1,28653
1,27413 1,26431 1,25634
950 1,36733
1,33528 1,31292 1,29642
1,28374 1,27371 1,26556
1000 1,37816
1,34544 1,32260 1,30576
1,29282 1,28257 1,27426
1050 1,38842
1,35505 1,33176 1,31458
1,30139 1,29094 1,28246
1100 1,39812
1,36413 1,34041 1,32292
1,30948 1,29883 1,29019
1150 1,40730
1,37272 1,34859 1,33079
1,31712 1,30629 1,29750
1200 1,41598
1,38084 1,35632 1,33823
1,32433 1,31333 1,30440
1250 1,42420
1,38852 1,36363 1,34526
1,33116 1,31998
1,31091
1300 1,43197
1,39579 1,37054 1,35192
1,33761 1,32628 1,31708
1400 1,44630
1,40919 1,38329 1,36419
1,34951 1,33789 1,32846
1500 1,45916
1,42123 1,39475 1,37522
1,36022 1,34834 1,33869
1600 1,47073
1,43206 1,40508 1,38517
1,36988 1,35777 1,34794
1700 1,48116
1,44185 1,41441 1,39418
1,37863 1,36632 1,35633
1800 1,49059
1,45071 1,42288 1,40235
1,38659 1,37410 1,36396
1900 1,49913
1,45876 1,43058 1,40980
1,39384 1,38119 1,37093
2000 1,50689
1,46609 1,43761 1,41660
1,40047 1,38769 1,37731
2100 1,51396
1,47278 1,44403 1,42283
1,40654 1,39364 1,38317
2200 1,52042
1,47890 1,44992 1,42854
1,41213 1,39912 1,38857
2300 1,52633
1,48451 1,45533 1,43381
1,41727 1,40418 1,39355
Tabelle 4.2. Mittlere spezifische Wärmekapazität cpm
des Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) ohne
Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und
des Luftverhältnisses λ. Vollständige Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und 100 kPa. Die Bezugstemperatur ist t0 = 0
°C. Komponenten nach
Wagner, W.: VDI 4670 Blatt 1, Düsseldorf 2003.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Molmasse 28,429 28,5006 28,5509
28,5882 28,6168 28,6396
28,6581
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00
1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 1,07856
1,06624 1,05764 1,05130
1,04643 1,04257 1,03944
-25 1,08184
1,06899 1,06001 1,05339
1,04831 1,04428 1,04101
0 1,08514
1,07176 1,06242 1,05554
1,05025 1,04605 1,04265
25 1,08846
1,07457 1,06488 1,05773
1,05224 1,04789 1,04436
50 1,09179
1,07742 1,06739 1,05999
1,05431 1,04981 1,04615
75 1,09515
1,08031 1,06996 1,06232
1,05646 1,05181 1,04804
100 1,09854
1,08327 1,07260 1,06474
1,05870 1,05391
1,05003
125 1,10199
1,08629 1,07533 1,06725
1,06104 1,05612 1,05213
150 1,10548
1,08938 1,07814 1,06985
1,06349 1,05844 1,05435
175 1,10903
1,09255 1,08105 1,07256
1,06604 1,06088 1,05669
200 1,11265
1,09580 1,08404 1,07537
1,06871 1,06343 1,05915
225 1,11633
1,09913 1,08713 1,07827
1,07147 1,06609 1,06172
250 1,12007
1,10254 1,09030 1,08128
1,07434 1,06885 1,06440
275 1,12387
1,10602 1,09356 1,08437
1,07731 1,07172 1,06718
300 1,12773
1,10957 1,09689 1,08754
1,08036 1,07467 1,07006
350 1,13559
1,11685 1,10376 1,09411
1,08670 1,08083 1,07606
400 1,14361
1,12431 1,11085 1,10091
1,09328 1,08724 1,08234
450 1,15174
1,13192 1,11809 1,10789
1,10005 1,09384 1,08881
500 1,15992
1,13960 1,12542 1,11496
1,10693 1,10057 1,09540
550 1,16811
1,14731 1,13280 1,12209
1,11387 1,10736 1,10207
600 1,17628
1,15501 1,14017 1,12922
1,12082 1,11416 1,10875
650 1,18438
1,16266 1,14750 1,13632
1,12773 1,12093 1,11540
700 1,19240
1,17023 1,15475 1,14334
1,13458 1,12763 1,12200
750 1,20030
1,17769 1,16191 1,15027
1,14133 1,13425 1,12850
800 1,20806
1,18502 1,16894 1,15708
1,14797 1,14075 1,13490
850 1,21568
1,19221 1,17584 1,16376
1,15448 1,14713 1,14116
900 1,22314
1,19925 1,18258 1,17029
1,16084 1,15336 1,14729
950 1,23043
1,20613 1,18918 1,17667
1,16706 1,15945 1,15328
1000 1,23755
1,21285 1,19561 1,18289
1,17313 1,16539 1,15911
1050 1,24449
1,21939 1,20187 1,18895
1,17903 1,17117 1,16479
1100 1,25125
1,22577 1,20798 1,19486
1,18478 1,17680 1,17032
1150 1,25784
1,23197 1,21391 1,20060
1,19037 1,18227 1,17569
1200 1,26425
1,23801 1,21969 1,20618
1,19580 1,18758 1,18091
1250 1,27049
1,24387 1,22530 1,21160
1,20108 1,19275 1,18598
1300 1,27655
1,24958 1,23076 1,21687
1,20621 1,19776 1,19091
1400 1,28817
1,26051 1,24120 1,22696
1,21603 1,20736 1,20033
1500 1,29915
1,27083 1,25106 1,23649
1,22529 1,21642 1,20922
1600 1,30952
1,28057 1,26037 1,24547
1,23403 1,22496 1,21761
1700 1,31931
1,28978 1,26916 1,25396
1,24228 1,23303 1,22552
1800 1,32857
1,29848 1,27747 1,26198
1,25008 1,24066 1,23301
1900 1,33733
1,30670 1,28533 1,26957
1,25746 1,24787 1,24008
2000 1,34561
1,31449 1,29277 1,27675
1,26445 1,25470 1,24679
2100 1,35346
1,32187 1,29982 1,28356
1,27107 1,26118 1,25315
2200 1,36091
1,32887 1,30651 1,29002
1,27736 1,26732 1,25918
2300 1,36797
1,33552 1,31287 1,29616
1,28333 1,27317 1,26492
Tabelle 4.3. Spezifische konventionelle Entropie s0(t)
des Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) ohne
Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase beim
Standarddruck p0 = 100 kPa als Funktion der Temperatur t
und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Vollständige Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C. Die
Molmasse der feuchten Luft ist M = 28,8373 kg/kmol. Komponenten nach
Wagner, W.: VDI 4670 Blatt 1, Düsseldorf 2003.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Molmasse 28,429 28,5006 28,5509
28,5882 28,6168 28,6396
28,6581
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00
1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 6,77167
6,77606 6,76749 6,75780
6,74863 6,74031 6,73288
-25 6,88584
6,88899 6,87955 6,86921
6,85954 6,85084 6,84309
0 6,98968
6,99160 6,98129 6,97032
6,96017 6,95107 6,94301
25 7,08500
7,08570 7,07454 7,06295
7,05231 7,04284 7,03447
50 7,17318
7,17268 7,16069 7,14848
7,13737 7,12752 7,11885
75 7,25528
7,25361 7,24080 7,22799
7,21641 7,20620 7,19722
100 7,33217
7,32934 7,31573 7,30232
7,29029 7,27972 7,27045
125 7,40452
7,40057 7,38617 7,37218
7,35971 7,34878 7,33922
150 7,47290
7,46785 7,45268 7,43813
7,42521 7,41394 7,40411
175 7,53778
7,53165 7,51573 7,50062
7,48728 7,47568 7,46556
200 7,59955
7,59237 7,57571 7,56006
7,54631 7,53437 7,52399
225 7,65855
7,65033 7,63296 7,61678
7,60262 7,59036 7,57972
250 7,71504
7,70582 7,68775 7,67105
7,65649 7,64391 7,63302
275 7,76928
7,75908 7,74031 7,72311
7,70816 7,69528 7,68413
300 7,82146
7,81030 7,79087 7,77317
7,75784 7,74465 7,73326
350 7,92038
7,90736 7,88662 7,86797
7,85190 7,83813 7,82627
400 8,01297
7,99816 7,97618 7,95660
7,93983 7,92551 7,91319
450 8,10014
8,08361 8,06043 8,03997
8,02252 8,00766 7,99490
500 8,18260
8,16442 8,14008 8,11877
8,10066 8,08528 8,07210
550 8,26093
8,24114 8,21569 8,19355
8,17481 8,15892 8,14534
600 8,33559
8,31424 8,28770 8,26476
8,24540 8,22903 8,21505
650 8,40695
8,38409 8,35649 8,33277
8,31282 8,29597 8,28160
700 8,47534
8,45100 8,42237 8,39789
8,37735 8,36004 8,34530
750 8,54102
8,51524 8,48560 8,46038
8,43927 8,42151 8,40640
800 8,60421
8,57702 8,54640 8,52046
8,49879 8,48059 8,46512
850 8,66512
8,63655 8,60497 8,57832
8,55611 8,53747 8,52166
900 8,72391
8,69400 8,66148 8,63412
8,61138 8,59232 8,57617
950 8,78074
8,74951 8,71606 8,68803
8,66476 8,64529 8,62879
1000 8,83574
8,80321 8,76886 8,74015
8,71638 8,69650 8,67967
1050 8,88903
8,85522 8,81998 8,79062
8,76634 8,74606 8,72892
1100 8,94071
8,90565 8,86954 8,83954
8,81476 8,79409 8,77663
1150 8,99088
8,95459 8,91763 8,88700
8,86174 8,84068 8,82291
1200 9,03962
9,00213 8,96433 8,93308
8,90734 8,88591 8,86783
1250 9,08702
9,04835 9,00972 8,97786 8,95166 8,92986 8,91147
1300 9,13315
9,09332 9,05388 9,02142
8,99476 8,97259 8,95392
1400 9,22184
9,17976 9,13874 9,10512
9,07756 9,05469 9,03544
1500 9,30618
9,26191 9,21937 9,18463
9,15621 9,13266 9,11285
1600 9,38655
9,34018 9,29618 9,26036
9,23111 9,20690 9,18656
1700 9,46332
9,41492 9,36950 9,33263
9,30258 9,27774 9,25688
1800 9,53678
9,48642 9,43964 9,40176
9,37094 9,34548 9,32413
1900 9,60720
9,55496 9,50685 9,46800
9,43643 9,41038 9,38855
2000 9,67482
9,62075 9,57137 9,53158
9,49929 9,47266 9,45037
2100 9,73985
9,68401 9,63340 9,59270
9,55971 9,53254 9,50979
2200 9,80247
9,74493 9,69312 9,65155
9,61788 9,59017 9,56699
2300 9,86286
9,80366 9,75070 9,70828
9,67396 9,64573 9,62213
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 1,07236 1,06108 1,05321 1,04740 1,04294 1,03941 1,03654
-25 1,07870 1,06632 1,05768 1,05131 1,04642 1,04254 1,03939
0 1,08517 1,07177 1,06241 1,05551 1,05021 1,04601 1,04260
25 1,09179 1,07742 1,06739 1,05999 1,05431 1,04981 1,04615
50 1,09855 1,08327 1,07261 1,06475 1,05871 1,05392 1,05004
75 1,10546 1,08934 1,07808 1,06978 1,06341 1,05836 1,05426
100 1,11252 1,09560 1,08380 1,07509 1,06840 1,06310 1,05880
125 1,11974 1,10207 1,08974 1,08065 1,07366 1,06813 1,06364
150 1,12711 1,10874 1,09592 1,08646 1,07920 1,07345 1,06878
175 1,13462 1,11559 1,10231 1,09252 1,08499 1,07903 1,07420
200 1,14228 1,12263 1,10892 1,09880 1,09103 1,08488 1,07988
225 1,15008 1,12984 1,11572 1,10530 1,09730 1,09096 1,08581
250 1,15801 1,13721 1,12270 1,11200 1,10378 1,09726 1,09198
275 1,16605 1,14474 1,12986 1,11888 1,11045 1,10377 1,09835
300 1,17421 1,15239 1,13716 1,12593 1,11730 1,11047 1,10492
350 1,19080 1,16805 1,15216 1,14045 1,13145 1,12432 1,11853
400 1,20766 1,18403 1,16754 1,15538 1,14604 1,13864 1,13263
450 1,22462 1,20019 1,18313 1,17054 1,16088 1,15323 1,14701
500 1,24152 1,21631 1,19871 1,18572 1,17575 1,16785 1,16144
550 1,25815 1,23220 1,21407 1,20069 1,19041 1,18228 1,17567
600 1,27428 1,24761 1,22896 1,21519 1,20462 1,19624 1,18944
650 1,28967 1,26229 1,24311 1,22896 1,21809 1,20947 1,20248
700 1,30401 1,27596 1,25625 1,24171 1,23053 1,22168 1,21449
750 1,31729 1,28858 1,26835 1,25341 1,24193 1,23284 1,22545
800 1,33010 1,30082 1,28012 1,26481 1,25305 1,24373 1,23616
850 1,34245 1,31268 1,29155 1,27592 1,26390 1,25437 1,24663
900 1,35442 1,32421 1,30271 1,28678 1,27453 1,26481 1,25692
950 1,36607 1,33545 1,31363 1,29745 1,28499 1,27510 1,26706
1000 1,37755 1,34646 1,32438 1,30798 1,29533 1,28529 1,27714
1050 1,38903 1,35730 1,33502 1,31843 1,30563 1,29546 1,28719
1100 1,40077 1,36804 1,34563 1,32889 1,31596 1,30567 1,29731
1150 1,41306 1,37879 1,35630 1,33945 1,32640 1,31602 1,30756
1200 1,42633 1,38968 1,36715 1,35021 1,33707 1,32660 1,31806
1250 1,44107 1,40088 1,37833 1,36131 1,34809 1,33753 1,32892
1300 1,45790 1,41261 1,39003 1,37293 1,35962 1,34898 1,34028
1400 1,50076 1,43902 1,41606 1,39867 1,38509 1,37420 1,36529
1500 1,56191 1,47280 1,44823 1,43002 1,41583 1,40446 1,39513
1600 1,64981 1,52061 1,49150 1,47115 1,45557 1,44315 1,43299
1700 1,77382 1,59308 1,55363 1,52854 1,50999 1,49545 1,48366
1800 1,94315 1,70545 1,64599 1,61163 1,58738 1,56885 1,55404
1900 2,16560 1,87616 1,78355 1,73308 1,69888 1,67341 1,65341
2000 2,44593 2,12163 1,98293 1,90772 1,85786 1,82141 1,79318
2100 2,78464 2,44805 2,25746 2,14945 2,07769 2,02551 1,98536
2200 3,17763 2,84665 2,61042 2,46578 2,36736 2,29522 2,23959
2300 3,61744 3,29819 3,03131 2,85282 2,72668 2,63245 2,55905
2400 4,09616 3,78318 3,50009 3,29545 3,14461 3,02917 2,93788
2500 4,60873 4,28951 3,99723 3,77413 3,60361 3,46997 3,36255
2600 5,15401 4,81369 4,51103 4,27331 4,08699 3,93824 3,81701
2700 5,73096 5,35571 5,03635 4,78331 4,58233 4,41998 4,28642
2800 6,32984 5,90906 5,56536 5,29363 5,07675 4,90059 4,75493
2900 6,92197 6,44973 6,07590 5,78211 5,54759 5,35679 5,19875
3000 7,45409 6,93027 6,52474 6,20805 5,95576 5,75066 5,58084
Tabelle 4.4a. Spezifische effektive Wärmekapazität cp,eff des Verbrennungs- gases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) mit Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und 100 kPa. Die Molmasse der feuchten Luft ist M = 28,8373 kg/kmol. Dissoziation nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische Eingangswerte nach Alexander Burcat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 1,07236 1,06108 1,05321 1,04740 1,04294 1,03941 1,03654
-25 1,07870 1,06632 1,05768 1,05131 1,04642 1,04254 1,03939
0 1,08517 1,07177 1,06241 1,05551 1,05021 1,04601 1,04260
25 1,09179 1,07742 1,06739 1,05999 1,05431 1,04981 1,04615
50 1,09855 1,08327 1,07261 1,06475 1,05871 1,05392 1,05004
75 1,10546 1,08934 1,07808 1,06978 1,06341 1,05836 1,05426
100 1,11252 1,09560 1,08380 1,07509 1,06840 1,06310 1,05880
125 1,11974 1,10207 1,08974 1,08065 1,07366 1,06813 1,06364
150 1,12711 1,10874 1,09592 1,08646 1,07920 1,07345 1,06878
175 1,13462 1,11559 1,10231 1,09252 1,08499 1,07903 1,07420
200 1,14228 1,12263 1,10892 1,09880 1,09103 1,08488 1,07988
225 1,15008 1,12984 1,11572 1,10530 1,09730 1,09096 1,08581
250 1,15801 1,13721 1,12270 1,11200 1,10378 1,09726 1,09198
275 1,16605 1,14474 1,12986 1,11888 1,11045 1,10377 1,09835
300 1,17421 1,15239 1,13716 1,12593 1,11730 1,11047 1,10492
350 1,19080 1,16805 1,15216 1,14045 1,13145 1,12432 1,11853
400 1,20766 1,18403 1,16754 1,15538 1,14604 1,13864 1,13263
450 1,22462 1,20019 1,18313 1,17054 1,16088 1,15323 1,14701
500 1,24152 1,21631 1,19871 1,18572 1,17575 1,16785 1,16144
550 1,25815 1,23220 1,21407 1,20069 1,19041 1,18228 1,17567
600 1,27428 1,24761 1,22896 1,21519 1,20462 1,19624 1,18944
650 1,28967 1,26229 1,24311 1,22896 1,21809 1,20947 1,20248
700 1,30401 1,27596 1,25625 1,24171 1,23053 1,22168 1,21449
750 1,31729 1,28858 1,26835 1,25341 1,24193 1,23284 1,22545
800 1,33010 1,30082 1,28012 1,26481 1,25305 1,24373 1,23616
850 1,34245 1,31268 1,29155 1,27592 1,26390 1,25437 1,24663
900 1,35442 1,32421 1,30271 1,28678 1,27453 1,26481 1,25692
950 1,36607 1,33545 1,31363 1,29745 1,28499 1,27510 1,26706
1000 1,37755 1,34646 1,32438 1,30798 1,29533 1,28529 1,27714
1050 1,38903 1,35730 1,33502 1,31843 1,30563 1,29546 1,28719
1100 1,40077 1,36804 1,34563 1,32889 1,31596 1,30567 1,29731
1150 1,41306 1,37879 1,35630 1,33945 1,32640 1,31602 1,30756
1200 1,42633 1,38968 1,36715 1,35021 1,33707 1,32660 1,31806
1250 1,44107 1,40088 1,37833 1,36131 1,34809 1,33753 1,32892
1300 1,45790 1,41261 1,39003 1,37293 1,35962 1,34898 1,34028
1400 1,50076 1,43902 1,41606 1,39867 1,38509 1,37420 1,36529
1500 1,56191 1,47280 1,44823 1,43002 1,41583 1,40446 1,39513
1600 1,64981 1,52061 1,49150 1,47115 1,45557 1,44315 1,43299
1700 1,77382 1,59308 1,55363 1,52854 1,50999 1,49545 1,48366
1800 1,94315 1,70545 1,64599 1,61163 1,58738 1,56885 1,55404
1900 2,16560 1,87616 1,78355 1,73308 1,69888 1,67341 1,65341
2000 2,44593 2,12163 1,98293 1,90772 1,85786 1,82141 1,79318
2100 2,78464 2,44805 2,25746 2,14945 2,07769 2,02551 1,98536
2200 3,17763 2,84665 2,61042 2,46578 2,36736 2,29522 2,23959
2300 3,61744 3,29819 3,03131 2,85282 2,72668 2,63245 2,55905
2400 4,09616 3,78318 3,50009 3,29545 3,14461 3,02917 2,93788
2500 4,60873 4,28951 3,99723 3,77413 3,60361 3,46997 3,36255
2600 5,15401 4,81369 4,51103 4,27331 4,08699 3,93824 3,81701
2700 5,73096 5,35571 5,03635 4,78331 4,58233 4,41998 4,28642
2800 6,32984 5,90906 5,56536 5,29363 5,07675 4,90059 4,75493
2900 6,92197 6,44973 6,07590 5,78211 5,54759 5,35679 5,19875
3000 7,45409 6,93027 6,52474 6,20805 5,95576 5,75066 5,58084
Tabelle 4.4b. Spezifische Wärmekapazität cp des
Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) mit
Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t
und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und
100 kPa. Dissoziation berechnet nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische
Eingangswerte von Alexander Burcat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 1,07236
1,06108 1,05321 1,04740
1,04294 1,03941 1,03654
-25 1,07870
1,06632 1,05768 1,05131
1,04642 1,04254 1,03939
0 1,08517
1,07177 1,06241 1,05551
1,05021 1,04601 1,04260
25 1,09179
1,07742 1,06739 1,05999
1,05431 1,04981 1,04615
50 1,09855
1,08327 1,07261 1,06475
1,05871 1,05392 1,05004
75 1,10546
1,08934 1,07808 1,06978
1,06341 1,05836 1,05426
100 1,11252
1,09560 1,08379 1,07509
1,06840 1,06310 1,05880
125 1,11974 1,10207
1,08974 1,08065 1,07366
1,06813 1,06364
150 1,12711
1,10874 1,09592 1,08646
1,07920 1,07345 1,06878
175 1,13462
1,11559 1,10231 1,09252
1,08499 1,07903 1,07420
200 1,14228
1,12263 1,10892 1,09880
1,09103 1,08488 1,07988
225 1,15008
1,12984 1,11572 1,10530
1,09730 1,09096 1,08581
250 1,15801
1,13721 1,12270 1,11200
1,10378 1,09726 1,09198
275 1,16605
1,14473 1,12985 1,11888
1,11045 1,10377 1,09835
300 1,17421
1,15239 1,13716 1,12593
1,11730 1,11046 1,10492
350 1,19080
1,16804 1,15216 1,14044
1,13144 1,12432 1,11853
400 1,20766
1,18403 1,16754 1,15537
1,14603 1,13863 1,13263
450 1,22462
1,20017 1,18311 1,17052
1,16086 1,15320 1,14699
500 1,24152
1,21628 1,19867 1,18568
1,17570 1,16780 1,16138
550 1,25815
1,23214 1,21399 1,20060
1,19031 1,18217 1,17556
600 1,27428
1,24750 1,22881 1,21502
1,20443 1,19604 1,18923
650 1,28966
1,26209 1,24285 1,22865
1,21775 1,20912 1,20211
700 1,30400
1,27562 1,25581 1,24119
1,22997 1,22108 1,21386
750 1,31725
1,28804 1,26764 1,25260
1,24105 1,23190 1,22447
800 1,33001
1,29999 1,27904 1,26358
1,25171 1,24231 1,23468
850 1,34226
1,31147 1,28997 1,27412
1,26194 1,25230 1,24447
900 1,35401
1,32247 1,30046 1,28423
1,27176 1,26188 1,25387
950 1,36528
1,33303 1,31052 1,29392
1,28117 1,27107 1,26287
1000 1,37607
1,34314 1,32016 1,30321
1,29019 1,27987 1,27150
1050 1,38642
1,35283 1,32939 1,31211
1,29883 1,28831 1,27977
1100 1,39632 1,36211 1,33824 1,32062
1,30710 1,29638 1,28769
1150 1,40580
1,37099 1,34670 1,32878
1,31501 1,30411 1,29526
1200 1,41487
1,37949 1,35479 1,33658
1,32259 1,31150 1,30251
1250 1,42353
1,38761 1,36253 1,34404
1,32983 1,31857 1,30944
1300 1,43181
1,39538 1,36993 1,35116
1,33675 1,32533 1,31606
1400 1,44725
1,40987 1,38375 1,36447
1,34967 1,33795 1,32843
1500 1,46127
1,42307 1,39633 1,37660
1,36144 1,34944 1,33970
1600 1,47394
1,43505 1,40775 1,38761
1,37214 1,35989 1,34994
1700 1,48530
1,44588 1,41809 1,39758
1,38183 1,36935 1,35922
1800 1,49540
1,45560 1,42740 1,40658
1,39058 1,37790 1,36761
1900 1,50427
1,46425 1,43572 1,41463
1,39842 1,38558 1,37515
2000 1,51194
1,47181 1,44307 1,42178
1,40541 1,39243 1,38189
2100 1,51847
1,47831 1,44945 1,42804
1,41155 1,39848 1,38786
2200 1,52393
1,48375 1,45488 1,43342 1,41688 1,40375
1,39309
2300 1,52846
1,48824 1,45943 1,43798
1,42143 1,40829 1,39761
2400 1,53222
1,49192 1,46319 1,44180
1,42529 1,41217 1,40150
2500 1,53543
1,49502 1,46635 1,44503
1,42857 1,41550 1,40487
2600 1,53833
1,49777 1,46914 1,44787
1,43148 1,41845 1,40786
2700 1,54116
1,50043 1,47178 1,45055
1,43419 1,42121 1,41065
2800 1,54412
1,50319 1,47448 1,45325
1,43691 1,42394 1,41341
2900 1,54737
1,50620 1,47741 1,45613
1,43977 1,42680 1,41627
3000 1,55100
1,50957 1,48063 1,45927
1,44286 1,42986 1,41930
Tabelle 4.5. Mittlere spezifische Wärmekapazität cpm
des Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) mit
Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t
und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und
100 kPa. Die Bezugstemperatur ist t0 = 0 °C. Dissoziation
berechnet nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische
Eingangswerte von Alexander Burcat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 1,07872
1,06636 1,05773 1,05136
1,04647 1,04260 1,03945
-25 1,08192
1,06903 1,06003 1,05339
1,04829 1,04425 1,04097
0 1,08517
1,07177 1,06241 1,05551
1,05021 1,04601 1,04260
25 1,08847
1,07458 1,06488 1,05773
1,05223 1,04788 1,04435
50 1,09181
1,07745 1,06743 1,06004
1,05436 1,04986 1,04621
75 1,09521
1,08040 1,07006 1,06244
1,05658 1,05195 1,04818
100 1,09865
1,08341 1,07278 1,06493
1,05891 1,05413 1,05026
125
1,10214 1,08649 1,07557
1,06751 1,06133 1,05643
1,05245
150 1,10569
1,08964 1,07844 1,07018
1,06384 1,05882 1,05474
175 1,10928
1,09286 1,08139 1,07294
1,06645 1,06130 1,05713
200 1,11293
1,09614 1,08442 1,07578
1,06914 1,06388 1,05961
225 1,11662
1,09948 1,08752 1,07869
1,07192 1,06655 1,06219
250 1,12036
1,10288 1,09069 1,08169
1,07478 1,06930 1,06486
275 1,12415
1,10635 1,09392 1,08475
1,07772 1,07214 1,06761
300 1,12798
1,10986 1,09722 1,08789
1,08073 1,07505 1,07045
350 1,13577
1,11705 1,10399 1,09436
1,08696 1,08110 1,07634
400 1,14370
1,12442 1,11097 1,10105
1,09343 1,08739 1,08249
450 1,15175
1,13194 1,11812 1,10793
1,10010 1,09389 1,08886
500 1,15988
1,13957 1,12540 1,11495
1,10692 1,10056 1,09540
550 1,16806
1,14728 1,13277 1,12206
1,11384 1,10733 1,10205
600 1,17624
1,15500 1,14017 1,12922
1,12082 1,11416 1,10876
650 1,18438
1,16269 1,14755 1,13637
1,12779 1,12099 1,11548
700 1,19242
1,17030 1,15485 1,14345
1,13469 1,12776 1,12213
750 1,20031
1,17777 1,16201 1,15039 1,14146 1,13439 1,12865
800 1,20802
1,18508 1,16903 1,15719
1,14809 1,14089 1,13504
850 1,21557
1,19224 1,17590 1,16385
1,15459 1,14725 1,14129
900 1,22295
1,19925 1,18264 1,17038
1,16096 1,15349 1,14743
950 1,23018
1,20613 1,18925 1,17678
1,16721 1,15962 1,15346
1000 1,23726
1,21287 1,19574 1,18308
1,17336 1,16565 1,15939
1050 1,24421
1,21949 1,20211 1,18928
1,17941 1,17159 1,16524
1100 1,25106
1,22600 1,20840
1,19539 1,18538 1,17745
1,17101
1150 1,25784
1,23241 1,21460 1,20142
1,19129 1,18325 1,17673
1200 1,26458
1,23873 1,22072 1,20739
1,19714 1,18900 1,18240
1250 1,27133
1,24499 1,22680 1,21333
1,20295 1,19472 1,18804
1300 1,27818
1,25121 1,23285 1,21924
1,20876 1,20043 1,19367
1400 1,29246
1,26365 1,24499 1,23111
1,22042 1,21192 1,20502
1500 1,30826
1,27641 1,25742 1,24329
1,23238 1,22371 1,21666
1600 1,32670
1,29009 1,27062 1,25618
1,24503 1,23617 1,22895
1700 1,34915
1,30562 1,28532 1,27041
1,25893 1,24980 1,24236
1800 1,37722
1,32449 1,30262 1,28691
1,27489 1,26536 1,25761
1900 1,41261
1,34874 1,32408 1,30700
1,29410 1,28393 1,27568
2000 1,45702
1,38091 1,35175 1,33242
1,31808 1,30689 1,29786
2100 1,51195
1,42364 1,38803 1,36528
1,34876 1,33601 1,32580
2200 1,57854
1,47902 1,43528 1,40783
1,38820 1,37322 1,36131
2300 1,65747
1,54814 1,49531 1,46201
1,43835 1,42040 1,40621
2400 1,74899
1,63108 1,56895 1,52902
1,50056 1,47898 1,46195
2500 1,85302
1,72723 1,65607 1,60916
1,57539 1,54969 1,52935
2600 1,96939
1,83580 1,75595 1,70198
1,66264 1,63249 1,60853
2700 2,09793
1,95608 1,86769 1,80664
1,76159 1,72679 1,69899
2800 2,23834
2,08736 1,99031 1,92208
1,87118 1,83158 1,79980
2900 2,38972
2,22856 2,12250 2,04688
1,98995 1,94539 1,90947
3000 2,54992
2,37753 2,26201 2,17873
2,11559 2,06591 2,02571
Tabelle 4.6. Spezifische konventionelle Entropie s0(t) des Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) mit Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C. Der Standarddruck ist po = 100 kPa. Dissoziation berechnet nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische Eingangsdaten von Alexander Burcat.
Tabelle 4.6. Spezifische konventionelle Entropie s0(t) des Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) mit Dissoziation im Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C. Der Standarddruck ist po = 100 kPa. Dissoziation berechnet nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische Eingangsdaten von Alexander Burcat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,00 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,00 2,25 2,50
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 6,77154
6,77595 6,76739 6,75771
6,74853 6,74022 6,73279
-25 6,88575
6,88890 6,87946 6,86913
6,85946 6,85076 6,84301
0 6,98959
6,99151 6,98121 6,97024
6,96008 6,95099 6,94293
25 7,08491
7,08561 7,07446 7,06287
7,05223 7,04276 7,03438
50 7,17309
7,17260 7,16061 7,14840
7,13729 7,12745 7,11877
75 7,25520
7,25354 7,24074 7,22793
7,21636 7,20615 7,19717
100 7,33211
7,32930 7,31569 7,30230
7,29027 7,27970 7,27043
125 7,40448
7,40055 7,38617 7,37219
7,35972 7,34880 7,33925
150 7,47289
7,46787 7,45271 7,43817
7,42527 7,41401 7,40418
175 7,53780
7,53170 7,51580 7,50071
7,48738 7,47578 7,46568
200 7,59960
7,59245 7,57582 7,56018
7,54644 7,53451 7,52414
225 7,65861
7,65044 7,63309 7,61692
7,60278 7,59052 7,57989
250 7,71512
7,70594 7,68789 7,67121
7,65666 7,64410 7,63321
275 7,76936
7,75920 7,74046 7,72328
7,70834 7,69547 7,68433
300 7,82155
7,81042 7,79101 7,77333
7,75802 7,74484 7,73346
350 7,92044
7,90745 7,88674 7,86810
7,85205 7,83829 7,82643
400 8,01299
7,99821 7,97625 7,95669
7,93993 7,92561 7,91330
450 8,10012
8,08361 8,06045 8,04001
8,02257 8,00771 7,99496
500 8,18255
8,16439 8,14007 8,11877
8,10067 8,08529 8,07212
550 8,26087
8,24110 8,21566 8,19354
8,17481 8,15892 8,14535
600 8,33553
8,31422 8,28769 8,26476
8,24542 8,22905 8,21508
650 8,40692
8,38410 8,35652 8,33282
8,31287 8,29603 8,28168
700 8,47533
8,45104 8,42244 8,39798
8,37745 8,36015 8,34542
750 8,54099
8,51529 8,48569 8,46048
8,43939 8,42164 8,40654
800 8,60415
8,57706 8,54648 8,52056
8,49891 8,48072 8,46527
850 8,66500
8,63657 8,60504 8,57841
8,55622 8,53760 8,52180
900 8,72373
8,69399 8,66153 8,63422
8,61150 8,59246 8,57632
950 8,78050
8,74950 8,71613 8,68815
8,66491 8,64546 8,62899
1000 8,83546
8,80322 8,76898 8,74034
8,71660 8,69675 8,67996
1050 8,88875
8,85530 8,82020 8,79092
8,76670 8,74646 8,72934
1100 8,94048
8,90584 8,86991 8,84002
8,81532 8,79470 8,77727
1150 8,99080
8,95496 8,91823 8,88773
8,86257 8,84158 8,82386
1200 9,03982
9,00275 8,96525 8,93417
8,90855 8,88720 8,86919
1250 9,08766
9,04932 9,01106 8,97942
8,95336 8,93166 8,91336
1300 9,13447
9,09476 9,05577 9,02357
8,99709 8,97505 8,95646
1400 9,22555
9,18259 9,14220 9,10895
9,08163 9,05893 9,03980
1500 9,31432
9,26705 9,22529 9,19101
9,16289 9,13954 9,11989
1600 9,40226
9,34907 9,30586 9,27052
9,24159 9,21760 9,19741
1700 9,49109
9,42989 9,38493 9,34843
9,31862 9,29393 9,27318
1800 9,58273
9,51120 9,46385 9,42590
9,39505 9,36956 9,34816
1900 9,67925
9,59526 9,54439 9,50448
9,47228 9,44576 9,42355
2000 9,78271
9,68485 9,62882 9,58612
9,55206 9,52416 9,50088
2100 9,89505
9,78288 9,71977 9,67316
9,63650 9,60672 9,58198
2200 10,01786
9,89187 9,81992 9,76810
9,72794 9,69561
9,66891
2300 10,15233
10,01346 9,93149 9,87325
9,82864 9,79301 9,76376
2400 10,29921
10,14831 10,05582 9,99026
9,94035 9,90073 9,86834
2500 10,45890
10,29644 10,19338 10,11994
10,06412 10,01992 9,98387
2600 10,63167
10,45757 10,34399 10,26238
10,20024 10,15103 10,11092
2700 10,81773
10,63144 10,50723 10,41724
10,34848 10,29394 10,24948
2800 11,01714
10,81770 10,68255 10,58390
10,50822 10,44809 10,39901
2900 11,22934
11,01562 10,86899 10,76129
10,67840 10,61239 10,55845
3000 11,45257
11,22339 11,06467 10,94750
10,85705 10,78490 10,72587
Tabelle 4.7. Molare Masse M des Verbrennungsgases von
durchschnittlichem Biogas in kg/kmol im
Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des
Luftverhältnisses λ. Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und
100 kPa. Die molare Masse M dient zur Umrechnung der spezifischen Größen
z in molare Größen Z gemäß Z = z M.
Dissoziation berechnet nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische Eingangsdaten nach Alexander Burcat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 1,0 1,25 1,5 1,75 2,0 2,25 2,5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1000 28,4285 28,5004
28,5508 28,5880 28,6167
28,6394 28,6579
1050 28,4283 28,5004
28,5507 28,5880 28,6166
28,6394 28,6579
1100 28,4281 28,5003
28,5506 28,5879 28,6166
28,6393 28,6578
1150 28,4277 28,5002
28,5505 28,5878 28,6164
28,6392 28,6577
1200 28,4270 28,5000
28,5503 28,5876 28,6163
28,6390 28,6575
1300 28,4245 28,4993
28,5496 28,5869 28,6156
28,6384 28,6569
1400 28,4191 28,4977
28,5481 28,5855 28,6142
28,6370 28,6556
1500 28,4085 28,4945
28,5451 28,5826 28,6115
28,6344 28,6531
1600 28,3894 28,4878
28,5393 28,5772 28,6063
28,6295 28,6483
1700 28,3573 28,4749
28,5284 28,5672 28,5969
28,6206 28,6397
1800 28,3063 28,4510
28,5087 28,5495 28,5805
28,6051 28,6250
1900 28,2294 28,4087
28,4745 28,5192 28,5527
28,5790 28,6002
2000 28,1188 28,3382
28,4180 28,4695 28,5073
28,5366 28,5601
2100 27,9667 28,2281
28,3288 28,3913 28,4361
28,4703 28,4976
2200 27,7659 28,0676
28,1957 28,2740 28,3292
28,3709 28,4039
2300 27,5105 27,8488
28,0084 28,1071 28,1764
28,2284 28,2693
2400 27,1963 27,5670
27,7598 27,8821 27,9686
28,0337 28,0849
2500 26,8209 27,2207
27,4461 27,5939 27,6997
27,7801 27,8435
2600 26,3830 26,8104
27,0670 27,2405 27,3670
27,4640 27,5411
2700 25,8828 26,3374
26,6239 26,8231 26,9707
27,0851 27,1768
2800 25,3222 25,8046
26,1203 26,3447 26,5136
26,6459 26,7526
2900 24,7071 25,2179
25,5623 25,8119 26,0020
26,1523 26,2744
3000 24,0490 24,5887
24,9613 25,2356 25,4469
25,6152 25,7527
Tabelle 4.8. Spezifische Enthalpie h des dissoziierten
Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/kg im Zustand idealer
Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Unvollständige
Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und
100 kPa. Die molare Masse der feuchten Luft ist M = 28,8371 kg/kmol.
Dissoziations- und Kondensationsphänomene (Ausfall von Wasser und Kohlenstoff)
nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera), thermodynamische Eingangswerte nach AlexanderBurcat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 -5054,58
-4744,65 -4516,77 -4342,17
-4204,12 -4092,24 -3999,72
-25 -5025,13
-4715,72 -4488,22 -4313,92
-4176,10 -4064,41 -3972,04
0 -4988,70
-4679,54 -4452,24 -4278,08
-4140,38 -4028,77 -3936,49
25 -4838,07
-4541,73 -4323,85 -4156,91
-4024,91 -3917,93 -3829,60
50 -4687,81
-4386,14 -4164,20 -3994,12
-3859,61 -3750,59 -3664,63
75 -4199,43
-3999,71 -3852,27 -3739,00
-3649,26 -3576,43 -3518,30
100 -4166,34
-3968,01 -3821,60 -3709,10
-3619,95 -3547,57 -3490,57
125 -4132,97
-3935,99 -3790,59 -3678,85
-3590,31 -3518,41 -3462,67
150 -4099,23
-3903,58 -3759,19 -3648,23
-3560,30 -3489,26 -3434,58
175 -4064,95
-3870,64 -3727,28 -3617,12
-3529,82 -3460,28 -3406,31
200 -4029,85
-3836,95 -3694,66 -3585,35
-3498,72 -3430,72 -3377,85
225 -3993,58
-3802,19 -3661,06 -3552,66
-3466,76 -3400,39 -3349,20
250 -3955,65
-3765,95 -3626,10 -3518,71
-3433,64 -3369,06 -3320,35
275 -3915,51
-3727,72 -3589,33 -3483,09
-3399,97 -3336,46 -3291,30
300 -3872,49
-3686,91 -3550,21 -3445,29
-3364,33 -3302,34 -3262,04
350 -3774,71
-3594,72 -3462,28 -3360,73
-3285,41 -3228,75 -3202,92
400 -3655,11
-3482,72 -3356,05 -3260,75
-3193,97 -3149,19 -3142,96
450 -3504,28
-3341,89 -3222,76 -3141,58
-3091,51 -3071,86 -3082,15
500 -3308,71
-3158,88 -3056,35 -3008,08
-2992,06 -3002,82 -3020,50
550 -3048,89
-2918,24 -2886,03 -2888,18
-2910,39 -2936,35 -2958,00
600 -2714,10
-2719,46 -2754,63 -2798,09
-2837,59 -2869,58 -2894,69
650 -2507,54
-2588,75 -2661,45 -2720,17
-2766,18 -2802,17 -2830,59
700 -2382,20
-2494,88 -2579,92 -2644,63
-2694,71 -2734,16 -2765,74
750 -2287,30
-2410,50 -2500,95 -2569,56
-2623,03 -2665,64 -2700,21
800 -2199,96
-2328,42 -2422,68 -2494,60
-2551,13 -2596,65 -2634,02
850 -2114,66
-2247,10 -2344,71 -2419,64
-2479,01 -2527,24 -2567,20
900 -2030,10
-2166,15 -2266,88 -2344,65
-2406,67 -2457,41 -2499,78
950 -1945,91
-2085,41 -2189,12 -2269,57
-2334,08 -2387,18 -2431,77
1000 -1861,91
-2004,79 -2111,36 -2194,38
-2261,25 -2316,55 -2363,18
1050 -1778,02
-1924,21 -2033,57 -2119,05
-2188,16 -2245,54 -2294,01
1100 -1694,16
-1843,61 -1955,69 -2043,54
-2114,79 -2174,15 -2224,27
1150 -1610,27
-1762,96 -1877,69 -1967,85
-2041,16 -2102,38 -2153,93
1200 -1526,30
-1682,20 -1799,54 -1891,94
-1967,23 -2030,24 -2082,95
1250 -1442,21
-1601,30 -1721,22 -1815,81
-1893,02 -1957,74 -2011,27
1300 -1357,95
-1520,24 -1642,70 -1739,43
-1818,51 -1884,87 -1938,80
1400 -1188,78
-1357,46 -1484,96 -1585,88
-1668,57 -1738,04 -1790,99
1500 -1018,43
-1193,58 -1326,09 -1431,12
-1517,26 -1589,61 -1638,04
1600 -846,408
-1028,16 -1165,72 -1274,82
-1364,28 -1439,18 -1477,72
1700 -671,935
-860,533 -1003,25 -1116,38
-1208,94 -1285,59 -1306,88
1800 -493,807
-689,606 -837,614 -954,661
-1049,79 -1125,98 -1121,44
1900 -310,197
-513,649 -667,029 -787,598
-883,862 -953,855 -916,474
2000 -118,411
-329,989 -488,565 -611,468
-705,287 -757,459 -686,389
2100 85,4117
-134,587 -297,466 -419,757
-503,489 -523,110 -425,336
2200 306,692
78,5850 -86,1523 -201,667
-262,968 -241,991 -127,647
2300 552,939
318,389 156,966 58,4590
31,9358 89,5537 211,752
2400 834,423
597,458 447,999 378,311
390,611 473,584 597,134
2500 1164,86
932,574 805,657 771,638
816,077 912,237 1032,11
2600 1561,61
1343,21 1246,41 1245,07
1309,10 1408,07 1519,97
2700 2044,40
1847,47 1780,15 1800,31
1870,71 1964,03 2063,97
2800 2631,67
2457,26 2409,86 2437,06
2502,13 2582,75 2666,92
2900 3335,29
3175,49 3133,13 3153,25
3203,20 3265,08 3329,75
3000 4155,93
3995,83 3942,36 3943,07
3969,75 4007,67 4049,34
Tabelle 4.9. Spezifische Entropie s0(t) des
Verbrennungsgases von durchschnittlichem Biogas in kJ/(kg K) im Zustand idealer
Gase beim Standarddruck p0 = 100 kPa als Funktion der
Temperatur t und des Luftverhältnisses λ. Unvollständige
Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und
100 kPa. Die molare Masse der feuchten Luft ist M = 28,8371 kg/kmol.
Dissoziations- und Kondensationsphänomene (Ausfall von Wasser und Kohlenstoff)
nach David G. Goodwin (Programm: Cantera).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 4,66175
4,95297 5,16664 5,33016
5,45935 5,56400 5,65051
-25 4,78674
5,07574 5,28778 5,45006
5,57826 5,68212 5,76796
0 4,92621
5,21419 5,42549 5,58720
5,71495 5,81844 5,90397
25 5,46572
5,70680 5,88363 6,01893
6,12581 6,21237 6,28347
50 5,94653
6,20458 6,39428 6,53958
6,65444 6,74750 6,81112
75 7,39560
7,35852 7,33055 7,30847
7,29047 7,27544 7,25521
100 7,48737
7,44643 7,41562 7,39141
7,37178 7,35547 7,33211
125 7,57393
7,52949 7,49606 7,46985
7,44866 7,43112 7,40448
150 7,65611
7,60844 7,57254 7,54443
7,52175 7,50215 7,47289
175 7,73482
7,68405 7,64580 7,61586
7,59172 7,56867 7,53780
200 7,81101
7,75719 7,71661 7,68484
7,65925 7,63285 7,59960
225 7,88572
7,82877 7,78581 7,75217
7,72507 7,69531 7,65862
250 7,95998
7,89975 7,85426 7,81865
7,78993 7,75667 7,71512
275 8,03492 7,97111 7,92291
7,88515 7,85278 7,81752
7,76937
300 8,11164
8,04389 7,99268 7,95256
7,91634 7,87838 7,82155
350 8,27499
8,19792 8,13960 8,09386
8,04824 8,00141 7,92044
400 8,45936
8,37058 8,30336 8,24802
8,18924 8,12418 8,01299
450 8,67518
8,57208 8,49408 8,41861
8,33602 8,23505 8,10012
500 8,93629
8,81641 8,71645 8,59709
8,46909 8,32742 8,18255
550 9,26142
9,11768 8,93000 8,74756
8,57156 8,41073 8,26087
600 9,65604
9,35246 9,08528 8,85394
8,65743 8,48947 8,33554
650 9,88661
9,49835 9,18917 8,94075
8,73697 8,56454 8,40692
700 10,0191
9,59745 9,27519 9,02044
8,81236 8,63629 8,47533
750 10,1142
9,68202 9,35433 9,09566
8,88419 8,70495 8,54099
800 10,1976
9,76036 9,42902 9,16720
8,95279 8,77077 8,60415
850 10,2753
9,83442 9,50004 9,23546
9,01848 8,83399 8,66500
900 10,3490
9,90493 9,56784
9,30079 9,08150 8,89482
8,72373
950 10,4192
9,97233 9,63275 9,36346
9,14209 8,95344 8,78050
1000 10,4865
10,0369 9,69505 9,42371
9,20045 9,01003 8,83546
1050 10,5512
10,0990 9,75499 9,48175
9,25676 9,06474 8,88875
1100 10,6134
10,1588 9,81276 9,53776
9,31118 9,11770 8,94049
1150 10,6734
10,2165 9,86855 9,59191
9,36385 9,16904 8,99080
1200 10,7314
10,2723 9,92252 9,64433
9,41490 9,21886 9,03982
1250 10,7875
10,3263 9,97481 9,69515
9,46444 9,26725 9,08767
1300 10,8419
10,3786 10,0255 9,74449
9,51257 9,31432 9,13448
1400 10,9462
10,4790 10,1227 9,83911
9,60498 9,40481 9,22556
1500 11,0451
10,5741 10,2150 9,92895
9,69281 9,49097 9,31432
1600 11,1395
10,6648 10,3029 10,0147
9,77673 9,57349 9,40226
1700 11,2302
10,7520 10,3874 10,0971
9,85752 9,65337 9,49109
1800 11,3182
10,8365 10,4693 10,1770
9,93619 9,73226 9,58273
1900 11,4047
10,9194 10,5497 10,2557
10,0143 9,81331 9,67925
2000 11,4910
11,0020 10,6299 10,3349
10,0947 9,90161 9,78271
2100 11,5787
11,0861 10,7122 10,4174
10,1815 10,0024 9,89505
2200 11,6700
11,1740 10,7994 10,5074
10,2807 10,1184 10,0179
2300 11,7676
11,2691 10,8957 10,6105
10,3975 10,2497 10,1523
2400 11,8749
11,3754 11,0066 10,7323
10,5342 10,3961 10,2992
2500 11,9962
11,4984 11,1378 10,8767
10,6904 10,5571 10,4589
2600 12,1366
11,6438 11,2939 11,0443
10,8649 10,7327 10,6317
2700 12,3017
11,8162 11,4764 11,2342
11,0570 10,9229 10,8177
2800 12,4959
12,0178 11,6846 11,4448
11,2658 11,1275 11,0171
2900 12,7211
12,2477 11,9162 11,6740
11,4903 11,3459 11,2293
3000 12,9756
12,5022 12,1672 11,9191
11,7281 11,5763 11,4526
Tabelle 4.10. Mittlere molare Masse M des Verbrennungsgases
von durchschnittlichem Biogas mit Berücksichtigung von Kondensationseffekten im
Zustand idealer Gase als Funktion der Temperatur t und des
Luftverhältnisses λ. Unvollständige Verbrennung mit feuchter Luft der relativen
Feuchte φ = 50 % bei 20 °C und 100 kPa. Die molare Masse M dient zur
Umrechnung der spezifischen Größen z in molare Größen Z gemäß Z
= z M. Weitere Angaben siehe Tabelle 4.8.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
t Luftverhältnis λ
°C 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-50 23,0046
24,3708 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8527 28,4286
-25 23,0046
24,3708 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8527 28,4286
0 23,0046
24,3708 25,4835 26,4073
27,1866 27,8527 28,4286
25 23,0061
24,3724 25,4852 26,4091
27,1884 27,8546
28,4286
50 23,0512
24,4187 25,5338 26,4602
27,2420 27,9104 28,4286
75 23,8486
24,9990 25,9713 26,7987
27,5087 28,1233 28,4286
100 24,0674
25,1821 26,1243 26,9276
27,6185 28,2179 28,4286
125 24,2836
25,3678 26,2829 27,0635
27,7359 28,3201 28,4286
150 24,4910
25,5496 26,4409 27,2010
27,8561 28,3856 28,4286
175 24,6848
25,7222 26,5933 27,3354
27,9749 28,3807 28,4286
200 24,8612
25,8815 26,7357 27,4623
28,0882 28,3725 28,4286
225 25,0163
26,0233 26,8640 27,5779
28,1923 28,3592 28,4286
250 25,1460
26,1437 26,9742 27,6783
28,2821 28,3390 28,4286
275 25,2462
26,2384 27,0624 27,7597
28,2462 28,3098 28,4286
300 25,3124
26,3035 27,1246 27,8182
28,1959 28,2698 28,4286
350 25,3289
26,3310 27,1581 27,8548
28,0414 28,1532 28,4286
400 25,1817
26,2131 27,0622 27,6583
27,8063 28,0038 28,4286
450 24,8930 25,9699
26,8547 27,2646 27,5186
27,8918 28,4286
500 24,5226
25,6549 26,4536 26,8269
27,2890 27,8587 28,4286
550 24,1440
25,2984 25,8833 26,5257
27,2054 27,8537 28,4286
600 23,7733
24,6828 25,5818 26,4299
27,1899 27,8529 28,4286
650 23,2279
24,4421 25,5031 26,4117
27,1873 27,8528 28,4286
700 23,0570
24,3864 25,4878 26,4084
27,1868 27,8527 28,4286
750 23,0175
24,3747 25,4847 26,4077
27,1866 27,8527 28,4286
800 23,0083
24,3720 25,4839 26,4075
27,1866 27,8527 28,4286
850 23,0058
24,3713 25,4837 26,4074
27,1866 27,8527 28,4286
900 23,0051
24,3710 25,4836 26,4074
27,1866 27,8527 28,4286
950 23,0049
24,3709 25,4836 26,4073
27,1865 27,8527 28,4286
1000 23,0047
24,3709 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8527 28,4285
1050 23,0047
24,3708 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8527 28,4283
1100 23,0046
24,3708 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8526 28,4281
1150 23,0046
24,3708 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8526 28,4277
1200 23,0046
24,3707 25,4835 26,4073
27,1865 27,8526 28,4270
1250 23,0045
24,3707 25,4834 26,4072
27,1865 27,8526 28,4260
1300 23,0044
24,3706 25,4833 26,4072
27,1864 27,8525 28,4245
1400 23,0040
24,3703 25,4830 26,4069
27,1862 27,8523 28,4191
1500 23,0032
24,3695 25,4823 26,4062
27,1855 27,8516 28,4085
1600 23,0013
24,3678 25,4807 26,4047
27,1840 27,8498 28,3894
1700 22,9977
24,3643 25,4775 26,4016
27,1807 27,8453 28,3573
1800 22,9909
24,3579 25,4712 26,3952
27,1735 27,8341 28,3063
1900 22,9790 24,3463 25,4597 26,3830
27,1586 27,8073 28,2294
2000 22,9591
24,3266 25,4393 26,3602
27,1283 27,7488 28,1188
2100 22,9272
24,2940 25,4044 26,3187
27,0687 27,6398 27,9667
2200 22,8777
24,2420 25,3461 26,2450
26,9594 27,4687 27,7659
2300 22,8031
24,1610 25,2508 26,1198
26,7805 27,2314 27,5105
2400 22,6938
24,0375 25,1001 25,9217
26,5208 26,9273 27,1963
2500 22,5369
23,8544 24,8734 25,6356
26,1791 26,5562 26,8209
2600 22,3177
23,5931 24,5545 25,2569
25,7586 26,1183 26,3830
2700 22,0204
23,2383 24,1371 24,7893
25,2632 25,6146 25,8828
2800 21,6335
22,7848 23,6258 24,2409
24,6985 25,0479 25,3222
2900 21,1545
22,2391 23,0330 23,6233
24,0729 24,4248 24,7071
3000 20,5939
21,6193 22,3779 22,9528
23,4002 23,7574 24,0490
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